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Objective To examine the impact of metabolic syndrome (MS) on the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).Methods The clinical data of 650 patients with CRC admitted in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital between January 2010 and December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.Among 650 patients there were 190 cases complicated with MS (MS group) and 460 cases without MS (non-MS group),the clinicopathological features and prognosis were compared between two groups.Results The serum insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels in MS group were significantly higher than those in non-MS group [(9.2±4.7) vs.(6.8±4.7)μIU/L,t=8.88,P＜0.01 and (200.2±44.1) vs.(136.7±63.2)mg/L,t=12.63,P＜0.01].The proportions of stage T3 and T4 cancer,extra-regional lymph node metastasis (ELN),and TNM stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ patients in MS group were significantly higher than those in non-MS group [(83.2％ (158/190) vs.72.6％ (334/460),x2=8.19,P=0.04;9.5％ (18/190) vs.4.8％(22/460),x2=8.61,P=0.04;56.3％ (107/190) vs.45.2％(208/460),x2=8.22,P=0.04,respectively].The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) in MS group was significantly lower than that in non-MS group [57.9％(99/171)vs.66.1％(279/422),P＜0.01].Multivariate analysis indicated that MS(HR=1.623,95％CI:1.511-1.963,P=0.03),IGF(HR=1.382,95％CI:1.031-1.765,P=0.02) and,ELN(HR=4.270,95％CI:2.177-7.463,P＜0.01)were independent factors affecting the prognosis of CRC patients.Conclusion Metabolic syndrome is one of the risk factors affecting the prognosis of CRC patients.
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Objective@#To examine the impact of metabolic syndrome (MS) on the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).@*Methods@#The clinical data of 650 patients with CRC admitted in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital between January 2010 and December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Among 650 patients there were 190 cases complicated with MS (MS group) and 460 cases without MS (non-MS group), the clinicopathological features and prognosis were compared between two groups.@*Results@#The serum insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels in MS group were significantly higher than those in non-MS group [(9.2±4.7) vs.(6.8±4.7)μIU/L, t=8.88, P<0.01 and (200.2±44.1) vs.(136.7±63.2)mg/L,t=12.63, P<0.01]. The proportions of stage T3 and T4 cancer, extra-regional lymph node metastasis (ELN), and TNM stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ patients in MS group were significantly higher than those in non-MS group [(83.2% (158/190) vs. 72.6% (334/460), χ2=8.19, P=0.04; 9.5% (18/190) vs. 4.8%(22/460),χ2=8.61, P=0.04; 56.3% (107/190) vs. 45.2%(208/460), χ2=8.22, P=0.04, respectively]. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) in MS group was significantly lower than that in non-MS group [57.9%(99/171)vs. 66.1%(279/422), P<0.01]. Multivariate analysis indicated that MS(HR=1.623, 95%CI:1.511-1.963, P=0.03), IGF(HR=1.382, 95%CI:1.031-1.765, P=0.02) and, ELN(HR=4.270, 95%CI:2.177-7.463, P<0.01)were independent factors affecting the prognosis of CRC patients.@*Conclusion@#Metabolic syndrome is one of the risk factors affecting the prognosis of CRC patients.
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Objective To investigate the value of magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in combination with peripheral serum tumor markers in the diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) brain metastases.Methods Retrospective analysis of 368 SCLC cases diagnosed by histopathology or cytology from February 2009 to February 2012 in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital was made.All patients underwent pathological examination of progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP),neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and brain DWI,and measured the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of DWI sequences of brain metastases.The difference between the positive rates of ProGRP and NSE in patients with or without brain metastases was compared by the X2 test,and the diagnostic efficiency of ProGRP,NSE,DWI and combined detection for brain metastases were analyzed.The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the changes of ADC value,ProGRP and NSE before and after brain irradiation therapy in brain metastases of SCLC.Pearson correlation analysis was made to evaluate the correlation between the changes of ADC value and the levels of ProGRP and NSE in SCLC patients with brain metastases before and after treatment.Results The median expression of serum ProGRP in 169 SCLC patients was 2 664.7 pg/ml (98.4-4 876.8 pg/ml),with a positive rate of 98.2 ％ (166/169).The median expression of NSE was 41.9 μg/L (9.4-264.3 μg/L),with a positive rate of 70.4 ％ (119/169).The median expression of serum ProGRP level was 514.3 pg/ml (3.9-2 899.3 pg/ml) in 199 SCLC patients without brain metastasis,the positive rate was 89.4 ％ (178/199).The median expression of NSE was 40.4 μg/L (0.3-176.1 μ,g/L),with a positive rate of 64.8 ％ (129/199).The difference of ProGRP level between the two groups was statistically significant (u =121.47,P ＜ 0.001),but there was no significant difference in NSE level (u =1.35,P =0.12).The sensitivities of ProGRP,NSE,DWI,ProGRP+DWI and NSE+DWI were 68.4 ％,41.2 ％,66.7 ％,92.2 ％,and 82.4 ％,and the specificities were 52.9 ％,35.3 ％,76.5 ％,94.1％,and 88.2 ％.The sensitivity and specificity of ProGRP+DWI and NSE+DWI were higher than those of single test,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.001).One hundred and fifty-six SCLC patients with brain metastases were treated with whole brain radiotherapy.Pearson correlation analysis showed that ADC values were negatively correlated with ProGRP and NSE levels (r =-0.945,P ＜ 0.001;r =-0.995,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion DWI combined with ProGRP and NSE can provide objective evidence and clinical guidance for the diagnosis of SCLC brain metastases and the evaluation of whole brain radiotherapy.
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Objective To investigate the expressions of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP),Vimentin and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 in human glioma and brain metastases and their relationship with clinicopathological features.Methods Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to detect the expression of GFAP,Vimentin and AE1/AE3 in 72 gliomas and 45 brain metastases in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from February 2013 to February 2015.The relationship between the expressions of three proteins and clinical features and pathological parameters was analyzed.Results The positive rates of GFAP and Vimentin in glioma tissues were 72.2 ％ (52/72) and 73.6 ％ (53/72),respectively,which were higher than those in brain metastatic cancer tissues [13.3 ％ (6/45) and 17.8 ％ (8/45)],and the differences were statistically significant (x2 values were 54.8 and 34.6,both P ＜ 0.001),while the positive rate of AE1/AE3 in brain metastases was 88.9 ％ (40/45),which was higher than that in human glioma tissues (6.9 ％,5/72),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =82.2,P ＜ 0.001).The positive expression of GFAP was negatively correlated with tumor pathological grade (r =-0.57,P ＜ 0.05),while the positive expression of Vimentin was positively correlated with tumor pathological grade (r =0.62,P ＜ 0.05).The expression of GFAP in human glioma was positively correlated with Vimentin (r =0.754,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions GFAP,Vimentin and AE1/AE3 can be used as markers for the differential diagnosis of glioma and brain metastases,especially for patients with difficult histological diagnosis.Detection of GFAP and Vimentin can help to judge the degree of malignancy and prognosis of the tumors.
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Objective To investigate the value of detecting peripheral blood epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in predicting the therapeutic efficacy of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods A total of 150 patients with stage ⅢA-Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer diagnosed in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from October 2013 to February 2015 were collected. The peripheral blood EGFR gene was detected by amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS). The relationship between the mutation rate and the clinicopathological features of patients was observed, and 80 patients were selected into the follow-up treatment according to the inclusion criteria. Forty patients (all 19 or 21 exon mutations) in group A with EGFR gene mutation were treated with gefitinib orally. Forty patients with wild type EGFR gene in group B underwent 4 cycles of NP regimen. Efficacy and progression-free survival were evaluated in both groups. Results The mutation rate of EGFR gene was 33.3 ％ (50 cases), of which 29 were exon 19, 18 were exon 21 and 3 were exon 18 and 20. The mutation rate of EGFR gene was higher in female, adenocarcinoma and non-smoker (all P<0.05). Among the 80 patients who received follow-up treatment, the effective rate [67.5％(27/40) vs. 32.5 ％ (13/40)] and disease control rate [85.0 ％ (34/40) vs. 65.0 ％ (26/40)] in group A were significantly higher than those in group B, and the median PFS was prolonged (9.00 months vs. 4.25 months),the differences were statistically significant (χ2=9.800, P=0.002;χ2=4.267, P=0.039;χ2= 15.792, P<0.001). Conclusion The detection of peripheral blood EGFR mutation can be used to predict the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer.
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Objective To investigate the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), insulin growth factor receptor 1(IGF-1R)and insulin growth factor receptor 2(IGF-2R)in colorectal cancer, and their relationship with the relevant clinicopathological factors. Methods Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of IGF-1,IGF-1R and IGF-2R in 154 cases of colorectal cancer tissues,58 cases of benign disease tissues (colorectal adenoma, polyps) and 90 normal tissues. Results The positive rate of IGF-1 and IGF-1R expression in colorectal cancer tissues [93.5%(144/154), 70.1%(108/154)] was higher than that in benign diseases [51.7%(30/58), 51.7%(30/58)] and adjacent normal tissues [18.9%(17/90), 35.6%(32/90)] (P=0.001). The positive expression rate of IGF-1 and IGF-1R in colorectal cancer tissue, benign disease tissue and adjacent normal tissues decreased gradually, and there was significant difference between any two groups (P<0.05). The positive expression rate of IGF-2R had no significant difference between any two groups (P>0.05). IGF-2R was significantly different between any two groups (P<0.05). The expression of IGF-1R and IGF-2R in colorectal cancer tissues were not significantly correlated with gender, location, tumor size, family history, depth of tumor invasion and local lymph node metastasis (all P>0.05).IGF-1 was positively correlated with the body mass index(r=0.169,P=0.036).IGF-2R was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.196, P=0.015), and positively correlated with TNM staging in patients with colorectal cancer (r=0.227, P=0.005). The expression of IGF-1 was positively correlated with IGF-1R (r=0.281, P=0.000 1). There was no significant correlation between IGF-1 and IGF-2R in cancer tissues (P>0.05). Conclusion IGF-1 and IGF-1R may promote the occurrence of colorectal cancer, and IGF-2R may be associated with the progress of colorectal cancer,and obesity is a risk factor for incidence of colorectal cancer.
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Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of thyroid disease in breast cancer patients, and to identify the high-risk people with thyroid disease. Methods Breast cancer patients were continually collected from Jan 2016 to Mar 2016 in Shanxi Cancer Hospital. Age, surgery time, the state of thyroid disease, medical record, the general condition, immunohistochemistry and pathological findings, thyroid B-mode ultrasonography were investigated respectively. All cases were divided into two groups according to whether to suffer from thyroid disease or not. The influencing factors for thyroid disease in patients with breast cancer were screened. Logistic regression was used for univariate and multivariate analysis. Results A total of 293 cases (69.3 %) suffered from thyroid disease in 423 breast cancer patients. The univariate analysis showed that prevalence rate of thyroid disease had statistical differences in age [<50 years old:49.5%(145/293) vs. 76.1%(99/130); ≥50 years old:50.5%(148/293) vs. 23.9%(31/130);χ2=24.297, P<0.001], body mass index [18.5-23.9 kg/m2:41.0%(120/293) vs. 52.3%(68/130);24.0-27.9 kg/m2:45.4%(133/293) vs. 40.8 % (53/130); ≥28.0 kg/m2: 13.7 % (40/293) vs. 6.9 % (9/130); χ2= 6.395, P=0.041], menopausal state [not: 59.7%(175/293) vs. 77.7%(101/130); yes: 40.3%(118/293) vs. 22.3%(29/130);χ2=12.443, P<0.001], estrogen receptor (ER) [ER--ER+: 44.0%(129/293) vs. 56.9%(74/130);ER++ - ER+++: 56.0 % (164/293) vs. 43.1 % (56/130); χ2 = 5.951, P= 0.015]. There were no significant differences in the times of pregnancy and production, history of abortion, progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), triple negative breast cancer, T stage, N stage, histological grade and TNM stage (P> 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors were age (OR= 3.928, 95 %CI=1.819-8.482, P<0.001) and ER++-ER+++(OR= 1.696, 95 %CI= 1.094-2.628, P= 0.018). Conclusion Age≥50 and ER++-ER+++are the major influencing factors of thyroid disease for patients with breast cancer.
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Objective To investigate the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), insulin growth factor receptor 1(IGF-1R)and insulin growth factor receptor 2(IGF-2R)in colorectal cancer, and their relationship with the relevant clinicopathological factors. Methods Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of IGF-1,IGF-1R and IGF-2R in 154 cases of colorectal cancer tissues,58 cases of benign disease tissues (colorectal adenoma, polyps) and 90 normal tissues. Results The positive rate of IGF-1 and IGF-1R expression in colorectal cancer tissues [93.5%(144/154), 70.1%(108/154)] was higher than that in benign diseases [51.7%(30/58), 51.7%(30/58)] and adjacent normal tissues [18.9%(17/90), 35.6%(32/90)] (P=0.001). The positive expression rate of IGF-1 and IGF-1R in colorectal cancer tissue, benign disease tissue and adjacent normal tissues decreased gradually, and there was significant difference between any two groups (P<0.05). The positive expression rate of IGF-2R had no significant difference between any two groups (P>0.05). IGF-2R was significantly different between any two groups (P<0.05). The expression of IGF-1R and IGF-2R in colorectal cancer tissues were not significantly correlated with gender, location, tumor size, family history, depth of tumor invasion and local lymph node metastasis (all P>0.05).IGF-1 was positively correlated with the body mass index(r=0.169,P=0.036).IGF-2R was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.196, P=0.015), and positively correlated with TNM staging in patients with colorectal cancer (r=0.227, P=0.005). The expression of IGF-1 was positively correlated with IGF-1R (r=0.281, P=0.000 1). There was no significant correlation between IGF-1 and IGF-2R in cancer tissues (P>0.05). Conclusion IGF-1 and IGF-1R may promote the occurrence of colorectal cancer, and IGF-2R may be associated with the progress of colorectal cancer,and obesity is a risk factor for incidence of colorectal cancer.
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Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of thyroid disease in breast cancer patients, and to identify the high-risk people with thyroid disease. Methods Breast cancer patients were continually collected from Jan 2016 to Mar 2016 in Shanxi Cancer Hospital. Age, surgery time, the state of thyroid disease, medical record, the general condition, immunohistochemistry and pathological findings, thyroid B-mode ultrasonography were investigated respectively. All cases were divided into two groups according to whether to suffer from thyroid disease or not. The influencing factors for thyroid disease in patients with breast cancer were screened. Logistic regression was used for univariate and multivariate analysis. Results A total of 293 cases (69.3 %) suffered from thyroid disease in 423 breast cancer patients. The univariate analysis showed that prevalence rate of thyroid disease had statistical differences in age [<50 years old:49.5%(145/293) vs. 76.1%(99/130); ≥50 years old:50.5%(148/293) vs. 23.9%(31/130);χ2=24.297, P<0.001], body mass index [18.5-23.9 kg/m2:41.0%(120/293) vs. 52.3%(68/130);24.0-27.9 kg/m2:45.4%(133/293) vs. 40.8 % (53/130); ≥28.0 kg/m2: 13.7 % (40/293) vs. 6.9 % (9/130); χ2= 6.395, P=0.041], menopausal state [not: 59.7%(175/293) vs. 77.7%(101/130); yes: 40.3%(118/293) vs. 22.3%(29/130);χ2=12.443, P<0.001], estrogen receptor (ER) [ER--ER+: 44.0%(129/293) vs. 56.9%(74/130);ER++ - ER+++: 56.0 % (164/293) vs. 43.1 % (56/130); χ2 = 5.951, P= 0.015]. There were no significant differences in the times of pregnancy and production, history of abortion, progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), triple negative breast cancer, T stage, N stage, histological grade and TNM stage (P> 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors were age (OR= 3.928, 95 %CI=1.819-8.482, P<0.001) and ER++-ER+++(OR= 1.696, 95 %CI= 1.094-2.628, P= 0.018). Conclusion Age≥50 and ER++-ER+++are the major influencing factors of thyroid disease for patients with breast cancer.
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Objective To explore the clinical significance of combination detection of serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) and carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) for the diagnosis,effect evaluation,monitoring and prognosis in cervical carcinoma.Methods Four hundred and twenty-four cases of cervical carcinoma patients diagnosed by pathology and 400 binign gynaecology patients were selected to detect levels of SCC-Ag and CEA by ELISA.Besides,the pelvic color ultrasound results of cervical carcinoma patients were collected and analyzed.Results The positive rates of serum SCC-Ag,CEA and combined detection of cervical carcinoma patients were 55.9 ％(237/424),26.4 ％(112/424),61.8 ％(262/424),which were higher than those of binign gynaecology patients [12.0 ％(48/400),12.5 ％(50/400),14.5 ％(58/400)],and the differences were statistical significance (all P＜ 0.05).The sensitivity of combined detection of SCC-Ag and CEA for diagnosing cervical carcinoma (61.8 ％) was better than that of detection of alone SCC-Ag or CEA (55.9 ％,26.4 ％),and the difference was statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).The differences of pretreatment serum SCC-Ag and CEA levels in the cervical carcinoma patients who were dependent on clinical stage,pathological type,depth of invasion,lymph node metastasis were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The combined detection of SCC-Ag and CEA in patients with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ had higher positive rates [45.5 ％ (71/156),73.2 ％(139/190)] than those of the ultrasound examination [33.3 ％(52/156),51.1％(97/150)] (P＜ 0.05).After surgery or concurrent chemoradiotherapy or surgery combined radiation and chemotherapy,SCCAg levels of patients in post-treatment (median 0.34,0.51,0.33 ng/ml) were much lower than those of pretreatment (median 0.48,3.44,1.29 ng/ml),and CEA levels of post-treatment (median 0.75,0.81,0.71 ng/ml)were also lower than those of pre-treatment (median 1.22,1.53,1.50 ng/ml) (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,cervical cancer patients with the raised or not decreased to the normal range levels of SCC-Ag and CEA had recurrences or metastasis rates of 33.3 ％(6/18),56.5 ％(13/23) and 46.1％(35/76).Survival rate of the patients with positive SCC-Ag was significantly lower than that of patients with negative (P ＜ 0.05),while the survival rate of patients with positive or negative CEA had no difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Combined detection of SCC-Ag and CEA can be used as an important indicator to estimate clinical stage,pathological type,depth of invasion,lymph node metastasis,curative effect and prognosis of cervical carcinoma.Combined detection of SCC-Ag and CEA had higher positive rates than pelvic color ultrasound examination for cervical carcinoma patients in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ.
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Objective To investigate the application value of human papillomavirus (HPV) combined with thinprep cytology test (TCT) detection in screening of cervical cancer. Methods 276 patients were enrolled to have HPV and TCT tests at Department of Gynecology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital from January to December in 2014. Pathological examine was applied to the patients with abnormal results of HPV and TCT. The diagnostic value of HPV, TCT and their combinations was evaluated by the diagnostic sensitivity and the rate of coincidence with the pathological examine results. Results The sensitivity of HPV and its coincidence with the pathological examine results were 81.52 % (225/276) and 79.56 % (179/225), respectively, while those of TCT were 87.68%(242/276) and 76.86%(186/242), respectively. The coincidence rate between the combination method and the pathological examination was higher (94.71%, 197/208) than the individual test. Conclusion HPV combined with TCT detection can reduce the misdiagnosis rate and improve the diagnostic accuracy rate, indicating that this method is of great value in the cervical cancer screening.
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Objective To analyze the prevalent characteristics of hospitalized patients with gastric cancer in Shanxi Cancer Hospital from 2001 to 2010,and explore its incidence trends.Methods All related data of gastric cancer patients from 2001 to 2010 were collected,sorted and analyzed in view of gender,age,distribution of areas,et al.Results A total of 14 296 (11 355 males and 2 941 females) gastric cancer patients were overviewed.Male/female ratio was 3.86:1.The total number of patients was increasing with years on(F =95.06,P ＜ 0.000 1).Overall,prevalence increased dramatically in age group of 40-80 yr,reaching a peak of 51-70 yr.Whereas,prevalence in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas.According to distribution of areas,gastric caner prevalence in Taiyuan was higher than that in other areas,followed by Linfen,Lyuliang and Changzhi.Conclusions Gastric cancer patients of hospitalization are increasing year by year.All patients present with significant epidemiological features in age,gender and region.
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Objective To investigate the diagnosis value of homocysteine (Hcy) combined with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen for esophageal cancer.Methods The serum levels of Hcy,CEA,CA199,CA724,CA50 and SCC antigen in 163 patients with esophageal cancer and 49 healthy people were measured.The diagnosis efficacy between the combination of Hcy,CEA and SCC antigen and the combination of CEA,CA199,CA724,CA50 and SCC antigen was compared.Results The levels of Hcy,CEA and SCC antigen were significantly raised in patients group as compared with the levels in control group (all P ＜ 0.05).The area under the ROC curve of Hcy was 0.722 (95 ％ CI 0.633-0.811),CEA was 0.619 (95 ％ CI 0.533-0.704) and SCC antigen was 0.685 (95 ％ CI 0.608-0.762),respectively.There were no significant differences among the three area under the ROC curve.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the combination of CEA,CA199,CA724,CA50,SCC antigen were 69.9 ％,59.2 ％ and 67.5 ％,respectively,but the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the combination of Hcy,CEA,SCC antigen were 96.3 ％,69.4 ％ and 90.1％,respectively.There was significant difference between the combination of Hcy,CEA,SCC antigen and the combination of CEA,CA199,CA724,CA50,SCC antigen (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The combination of Hcy,CEA,SCC antigen is helpful to determine the diagnosis and efficacy of esophageal cancer.
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Objective To evaluate the association of expressions and gene polymorphism of leptin receptor (LEPR) in breast cancer with tumorigenesis,development and clinicopathologic factors.Methods The immunohistochemical method and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were used to evaluate LEPR expressions and LEPR Gln223Arg polymorphism in 150 cases with breast cancer,80 cases with benign breast lesions,50 cases with corresponding normal breast tissue and 128 healthy controls.Results The expression rate of LEPR genes in breast cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in benign breast lesions and that in corresponding normal breast tissues [70.67 ％ (106/150) vs 56.25 ％ (45/80) vs 44.00 ％ (22/50),P ＜ 0.005].In breast cancer patients,LEPR gene Gin223Arg genotype polymorphism (GG,GA and AA) frequencies were 70.00 ％ (105 cases),16.67 ％ (25 cases) and 13.33 ％ (20 cases),which were significantly different from those in the benign breast lesions [82.50 ％ (66 cases),13.75 ％ (11 cases),3.75 ％ (3 cases)],those in corresponding normal breast tissues [82.00 ％ (41 cases),14.00 ％ (7 cases),4.00 ％ (2 cases)] or those in the health controls [82.81％ (106 cases),14.85 ％ (19 cases) and 2.34 ％ (3 cases)] (X2 =11.56,P =0.003),while the differences of GG,GA and AA genotype requencies among the breast benign disease group,cancer adjacent normal breast group and healthy control group were not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).The frequencies of alleles genes in breast cancer patients (G and A) were 78.33 ％ (235 cases) and 21.67 ％ (65 cases),and the differences were statistically significant compared with those in the benign disease group or in healthy control group (X2 =12.52,P =0.001).The positive expression rate of LEPR gene in patients with lymph node metastasis was 87.8 ％,which was higher than that in patients with no lymph node metastasis (60.2 ％) (P =0.02).According to the results of multivariable analyses,high expression of LEPR gene,LEPR Gin223Arg gene polymorphisms and increased waist-hip ratio (WHR) were risk factors for breast cancer (all OR ＞ 1).Conclusion High expression of LEPR,LEPR Gln233Arg polymorphism and the elevated WHR may be correlated with breast cancer.
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Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of combined examination of homocysteine (Hcy) and CEA for male patients with gastric cardia cancer.Methods Serum concentration of Hcy,CEA,CA199,CA724,CA242 and TPS in 54 male patients with gastric cardia cancer and in 30 healthy men were measured.The diagnostic efficacy was analyzed between the combination of Hcy,CEA and the combination of Hcy,CEA,CA199,CA724,CA242,TPS.Results Total Hcy,CEA levels were significantly increased in patients group compared with control group ((20.3±9.2) μmol/L vs (13.7±3.1) μmol/L,(7.8±3.5) μg/L vs (1.6±1.2) μg/L,P ＜ 0.05).The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the combination of CEA,CA199,CA724,CA242 and TPS were 73.6 ％,64.5 ％ and 70.2 ％ respectively,while those of the combination of Hcy,CEA were 92.5 ％,64.5 ％ and 82.1％,respectively.There was significant difference between the combination of Hcy,CEA and the combination of CEA,CA199,CA724,CA242 and TPS (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Combined detection of Hcy and CEA is helpful for diagnosis in male patients with gastric cardia cancer.
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Objective Toevaluatethediagnosticvalueofhumanepididymisprotein4(HE4)andcar-bohydrate antigen 1 25 (CA1 25 )for distinguishing between benign and malignant ovarian neoplasms.Methods 1 1 09 patients with ovarian neoplasms were enrolled in this study,serum concentration of HE4 and CA1 25 was assayed using ELISA technique.And the markers were evaluated for significance separately and in combination. Results 1SerumlevelsofHE4andCA125weresignificantlyhigherinpost-menopausalwomenthanthosein pre-menopausal women(t=8.40,P<0.05;t=7.02,P<0.05).In addition,the more children the patients born,the higher serum levels of these two markers were(F=1 5.36,P<0.05;F=1 3.00,P<0.05).2 Serum HE4 levels were significantly higher in the ovarian cancer patients compared with those seen in patients with benign or borderline tumor(t=1 3.68,P<0.05;t=1 4.94,P<0.05).Serum CA1 25 levels were significantly higher in the ovarian cancer patients compared with those seen in patients with benign or borderline tumor(t=1 4.1 6,P<0.05;t=1 7.27,P<0.05).Morever,it also appared in the ovarian cancer patients with ascites and vascular embolism.Morever,the levels of HE4 were significantly higher in the ovarian cancer with ascites and vascular embolism than without it(t=7.08,P<0.05;t=4.41,P<0.05),the levels of CA125 were signifi-cantly higher in the ovarian cancer with ascites and vascular embolism than without it(t=9.67,P<0.05;t=4.75,P<0.05).3 During follow-up,serum HE4 and CA1 25 levels significantly decreased at 3 months after operation(t=9.86,P<0.05;t=5.12,P<0.05).4 Receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)analysis revealed that no difference was observed in AUC values for HE4,CA1 25 and risk of ovarian malignancy algo-rithm(ROMA).5 Compared to CA1 25 ,HE4 had significantly higher specificity and lower sensitivity.Howev-er,sensitivity were increased when the two markers were combined with each other.However,the sensitivity of combination with two markers was higher than single detection and ROMA,but the specificity was lower in com-bination with two markers than single detection and ROMA.If we divide the ROMA by a woman′s menopausal status,ROMA has a higher sensitivity (73.84%,84.1 9%) and lower specificity (66.06%,66.67%). Conclusions ThelevelsofCA125hasahighsensitivity,andthelevelsofHE4isahighspecificity.CA125 combined with HE4 can provide a more sensitivity and accurate predictor of ovarian cancer than either alone.
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Objective To evaluate the changes and clinical significance ot the serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy) in gastric cardia cancer patients before and after surgery.Methods Serum Hcy concentrations of 102 patients with gastric cardia cancer (including 69 case of males) and 50 healthy human were measured by enzymatic cycling assay.Results Total Hcy levels were significantly increased in male patient group compared with the levels in control group (t =5.143,P =0.001).Hcy levels were significantly lower in postoperative group compared with preoperative group [(17.08±5.31) μmol/L vs (20.34±9.26) μmol/L,(14.07±4.87) μmol/L vs (20.34±9.26) μmol/L,P ＜ 0.05].Compared with Ⅳ stage group and other TNM stage groups,significantly lower levels of Hcy were detected in patients with gastric cardia cancer (t =2.306,3.285,P =0.030,0.002).Hcy levels in patients with gastric cardia cancer were also significantly higher than those in the tumor length ＜ 3 cm,3-5 cm and ＞ 5 cm groups (t =2.461,2.147,P =0.017,0.038).Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated a statistically significant association between serum Hcy concentration and gastric cardia cancer incidence (OR =1.136,95 ％ CI 1.010-1.278,P =0.033).Increasing serum Hcy levels were significantly associated with a decreasing risk of metastatic lymph node (OR =0.865,P =0.010).Conclusion Serum Hcy levels are directly associated with risk of male patients with gastric cardia cancer,and play important roles in the development of gastric cardia cancer.
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Objective The purpose of this study was to discuss the clinical significance of serum levels of Pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) in diagnosis,therapy monitoring and prognosis in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC).Methods Clinical diagnostic trial.Serum levels of ProGRP were measured by ELISA assays in 413 SCLC patients,418 NSCLC,120 with benign pulmonary diseases patients and 200 healthy subjects.Patients were recuited by the Shanxi Cancer Hospital from Dec.2005 to Oct.2008.Three hundreds and sixty-eight patients with SCLC were followed up from Dec.2005 to Oct.2011.The receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) was used to set the cut-off value of ProGRP and the area under ROC (ROC-AUC).The sensitivity and specificity of ProGRP were analyzed for diagnosing SCLC.The survival analysis was performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox's proportional hazards model for multivariate analysis of prognosis.Results Using healthy subjects group as control,the largest Youden index point of ROC was used to set the cut-off values of ProGRP and NSE (45.3 ng/L and 12.4 ng/L).The ROC-AUC of ProGRP was 0.798 (95％ CI:0.746-0.850)the sensitivity and specificity were 79.2％,98.1％ respectively.The AUC of NSE was 0.786(95％ CI:0.726-0.746),the sensitivity and specificity were 71.9％,96.7％ respectively; Combing detection of ProGRP and NSE,the sensitivity and specificity were 88.1％,95.8％ respectively.Serum levels of ProGRP in healthy subjects,benign pulmonary diseases,NSCLC and SCLC groups were 6.9 (5.3-8.6),36.8 (26.3-43.4),21.3 (18.6-35.2) and 1758.7 (368.4-2967.3) μg/L respectively.The serum levels of ProGRP in SCLC groups were significantly higher than those in the healthy group,benign pulmonary diseases group and NSCLC group (H =103.66,P =0.000).Serum levels of ProGRP in SCLC at stage Ⅰ-],stage m,stage Ⅳ were 543.3 (256.8-843.2),1440.6 (1042.4-2543.3) and 1897.6 (1586.5-3958.7) μg/L,respectively (H =25.974,P =0.000).Serum levels of ProGRP in 165 SCLC patients with complete remission(CR) were significantly declined after treatment (U =11.65,P ＜ 0.01).The levels of ProGRP in 146 SCLC patients with partial remission(PR) slowly decreased (U =9.17,P ＜ 0.01).Thirty-nine cases with progressive disease (PD)and 63 cases with stable disease(SD) presented elevated ProGRP levels (U =3.314,P ＜ 0.001 ; U =2.54,P ＜ 0.01,respectively).By the end of October 31st 2011,a total of 368 cases with SCLC were followedup.Ratio of follow-up was 89.1％.There were 56 deaths in 119 SCLC patients with ProGRP ＜ 1000 μg/L (median time =16.0 months,4-23 months) ; 159 deaths in 249 with ProGRP ＞ 1000 μg/L (median survival time =12.0 months,2-18 months).Median survival time of the two groups showed significant differences(x2 =11.04,P =0.001).Multivariate analysis by Cox's proportional hazards model revealed that ProGRP was independent prognostic factor related to the overall survival (OS) of SCLC patients.Conclusions The serum ProGRP is valuable tumor marker for diagnosis,treat monitoring and prognosis of SCLC.It's important to predict relapses and recurrence of diseases earlier,instruct therapy and prognosis assessment.
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Objective To analyze the correlation between the levels of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCAg)and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with cervical squamous carcinoma.To study the relationship of serum SCCAg levels of patients with recurrent cervical squamous carcinoma and disease prognosis and to investigate the survival rate of patients with recurrent cervical squamous carcinoma.Method ELISA method was used to determine the serum SCCAg levels for the patients,which included 300 cases before treatment and 500 cases after treatment.Results(1)Single factor analysis indicated that,before the treatment,the serum SCCAg levels were closely related to clinical stages,lymphatic metastasis,and deep myometrial invasion (t =3.01,P ＜ O.05 ; t =6.81,P ＜ 0.001 ; t =3.01,P ＜ 0.05 ; respectively).However,they were not related to patient's age,vascular embolization and tumor growth type(t =0.77,t =1.12,t =1.06 ; respectively,all P ＞ 0.05).Multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that the pretreatment SCCAg levels of patients were related to clinical stages,cavum pelvis lymphatic metastasis and myometrial invasion(x2 =2.88,P =0.0084; x2 =2.612,P =0.0156; x2 =2.570,P =0.0171 ; respectively).(2)Overall,recurrent disease developed in 180 of the 500 patients with cervical squamous carcinoma.One hundred and sixty-one recurrent patients showed elevated SCCAg levels(161/180,89.4％).For the 60 patients who showed elevated.SCCAg levels without any clinical symptoms as well as no sign of tumors by iconography,the median time for signs of elevating levels of serum SCCAg was 2.3 months.The longest time range was 150d between the increasing levels of the tumor markers and the appearance of the imaging features of pachygyria while the patients condition was going on.The 160 patients out of the 180 cases with recurrent cervical squamous carci noma who were followed up had a median survival time of 9 months,with an average of 20 months.The total 3 year survival rate and 5 year survival rate was respectively 23.4％ and 17.8％.(3)Single factor analysis indicated that recurrent patients’clinical stages,recurrent region and recurrent post treatment SCCAg levels were closely related with patients' survival time(x2 =10.26,P＜0.005; x2 =14.65,P ＜0.005; x2 =8.97,P＜0.01; respectively).There was no statistical difference between the survival rate of recurrent patients with increased SCCAg level and patients without increased SCCAg levels(x2 =0.89,P ＞ 0.05).Multiple factor analysis indicated that the clinical stages,recurrent post treatment SCCAg levels of patients with recurrence were independent prognostic factors(x2 =10.3372,P =0.0013 ; x2 =4.3889,P =0.0362; respectively).Conclusion The pretreatment SCCAg levels are closely related to patients'clinical stages,cavum pelvis lymphatic metastasis and deep myometrial invasion.Serum SCCAg levels are important for the advanced detection of cervical squamous carcinoma recurrence and prognosis prediction.
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Objective To evaluate the changes and clinical significance of the serum level of homocysteine (Hcy) in esophageal cancer patients before and after surgery.Methods The serum Hcy concentrations of 168 patients with esophageal cancer and 50 healthy individuals were measured by enzymatic cycling.Results Total Hcy levels were significantly raised in patients group when compared with the levels in control group [(19.6±6.1) μmol/L vs (13.0±2.3) μmol/L,P =0.001].Hcy levels were significantly lower in postoperativepatients groups compared with preoperativegroup [(17.0±8.5),(15.8±6.4),(12.8±5.6) μmol/L vs (20.6±9.1) μmol/L,all P ＜ 0.05].Also,Hcy levels in patients with esophageal cancer were significantly higher than in the tumor length＞ 5cm group and the ＜3 cm,3-5 cm group [(23.6±9.6) μmol/L vs (18.1±6.3),(19.6±6.6) μmol/L,P =0.036,P =0.021].Compared with other T stage groups,significantly higher level of Hcy was found in T4 stage group [(29.5±1.7) μmol/L vs (18.5±6.9),(18.8±8.0),(20.6±8.8) μmol/L,all P ＜ 0.001].There was no significant difference between the mean Hcy concentrations of the node-positive and nodenegative group [(20.2±9.3) μmol/L vs (20.3±7.6) μmol/L,P =0.897].Compared with negative lymphaugial tumor-cells thrombus group,positive group had low Hcy level [(16.7±3.4) μmol/L vs (21.1±8.9) μmol/L,P =0.007].Conclusion These results showed that serum Hcy levels play important roles in the development of esophageal cancer.